イジョイド語群

Ijoid
話される地域	ナイジェリア南部
言語系統	ニジェール・コンゴ語族?
下位言語	イジョ諸語; ?デファカ語;
Glottolog	ijoi1239[1]

イジョイド語群（Ijoid languages）は、イジョ語（Ịjọ）とデファカ語を結び付ける、提案中（未実証）言語のグループである。ただし、類似点は、イジョ語がデファカ語に影響を与えたことが原因である可能性がある[2]。

イジョイド語群はニジェール・コンゴ語族の分派を形成し、基本語順は主語-目的語-動詞である。これはニジェール・コンゴ語では珍しく、マンデ諸語とドゴン諸語とのみ共有する特徴である。マンデ諸語やドゴン諸語と同様に、イジョイド諸語にはニジェール・コンゴ語族の特徴と考えられる名詞クラスシステムの痕跡すら欠如しているため、ニジェール・コンゴ語から早期に分裂した可能性がある。言語学者のGerritDimmendaalは、ニジェール・コンゴ語族に含まれていることに完全に疑念を抱いており、イジョ語/イジョイド語は独立した語族であると考えている[3][4]。

語彙比較

イジョ諸語、Kalabari語、Defaka語の基礎語彙比較

Language	eye	ear	nose	tooth	tongue	mouth	blood	bone	tree	water	eat	name
Proto-Ijaw[5]	*tɔrɪ³	*ɓeri¹	*nḭnḭ³	*aka²	*ɪ̰ɓɛ̰lɛʊ²	*ɓɪpɪ²	*asɪ̰ɪ̰¹	*ṵgbəu²	*tɛ̰ɪ̰²	*ɓed̰i¹	*fɪɪ²	*ɪrɛ²
Kalabari[6]	tɔ́rʊ̄	ɓeri	nínī	áká	ɓɛ́lɛ́	ɓɪ́ɓɪ́	ímgbe	ɔmbɪ-yé, pulo	sɪ́n	minji	fɪ́	ɛ́rɛ́
Defaka[6]	ɔ́yɔ	ɓasi	níni	nɪan	mɛndʊɔ	ɓɪ́ɪ́	ḿbua	asi	ibo tiin	mbɪ́á	éé	ɪ́tá

数詞

各言語の数詞の比較[7]

Classification	Language	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
Defaka	Defaka	ɡbérí	mààmà	táátó	nɛ́ì	túúnɔ̀	màànɡò	túààmà (5 + 2) ?	túàtùà (5 + 3) ?	túùnèì (5 + 4) ?	wóì
Ijo, East, Northeastern	Nkoroo	ɡbɔ́rí	màmì	tárú	nɛ̃́ĩ́	sɔ́nɔ́	sóníá	sɔ́nɔ́mà	nínì	ísíéní	ójí
Ijo, East, Northeastern, Eastern	Ibani	ŋ̀ɡɪ̀ɛ́	m̀mɛ̀ɛ́	tɛ́rɛ́	íní	sɔ́nɔ́	sóníɛ́	sɔ́nɔ́mà	ínínè	éséníé	àtìé / ójí
Ijo, East, Northeastern, Eastern	Okrika (Kalabari)	ŋ̀ɡèi	màɪ̃	tɛrɛ	ineĩ	sɔnɔ	sonio	sɔnɔmɛ̀	ninè	esenie	oji, àtèi
Ijo, West Ijo	Izon (Ijaw/Ijo) (1)	kẹnị́	mamụ́	tǎrụ	nóín	sọ́nrọ́n =sɔ̃́rɔ̃́ ?	sǒndie	sọ́nọ́ma	nínɡíni	isé	óí
Ijo, West Ijo	Izon (Ijaw/Ijo) (2)	kẹnị́	mamụ́	tǎrụ	nóín	sọ́nrọ́n =sɔ̃́rɔ̃́ ?	sǒndie	sọ́nọ́ma	nínɡíni	isé	óí
Ijo, West Ijo	Izon (Ijaw/Ijo) (3)	kẹnị́	maamụ́	tǎarụ	nóín	sọ́nrọ́n =sɔ̃́rɔ̃́ ?	sǒndie	sọ́nọ́ma	níníni or nínɡíni	isé	oyi/ óí
Ijo, West, Inland Ijo	Okordia	kɛ̀nɪ	maamʊ	taarʊ	nii	sɔ̃ɔ̃rɔ̃	sɔ̃zie / sɔ̃zɪ	sɔnɔmà	màà fùi	sioni, eji karama (10 - 1)	eji

参考文献

Jenewari, Charles E. W. (1989) 'Ijoid'. In Bendor-Samuel, John and Hartell, Rhonda L. (eds.), The Niger–Congo languages: A classification and description of Africa's largest language family, 105-118. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
Williamson, Kay. 1969. 'Igbo' and 'Ịjọ', chapters 7 and 8 in: Twelve Nigerian Languages, ed. by E. Dunstan. Longmans.
Williamson, Kay. 1971. The Benue–Congo languages and Ịjọ. In: Current Trends in Linguistics, Vol. 7, series ed. by T. A. Sebeok, 245-306.
Williamson, Kay. 1988. Linguistic evidence for the prehistory of the Niger Delta. In: The Prehistory of the Niger Delta, ed. by E.J. Alagoa and others. Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag.
Williamson, Kay. 1998. Defaka revisited. The multi-disciplinary approach to African history, edited by Nkparom C. Ejituwu, Chapter 9, 151-183. Port Harcourt: University of Port Harcourt Press.
Williamson, Kay. 2004. The language situation in the Niger Delta. Chapter 2 in: The development of Ịzọn language, edited by Martha L. Akpana, 9-13.
Williamson, Kay & Blench, Roger (2000) 'Niger–Congo', in Heine, Bernd and Nurse, Derek (eds) African Languages: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University press, pp. 11–42.

脚注

Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin et al., eds (2016). “Ijoid”. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
Dogon Languages Archived June 15, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved May 19, 2013
Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan (2011-01-01) (英語). Historical Linguistics and the Comparative Study of African Languages. John Benjamins Publishing. ISBN 978-9027211781
Babaev, Kirill. “Joseph Greenberg and the Current State of Niger-Congo”. https://www.academia.edu/29429826
Blench, Roger M. and Kay Williamson. 2007. Comparative Ijoid Word List. Unpublished Manuscript.
Jenewari, Charles E. W. 1983. Defaka: Ijo's closest relative. (Delta Series, 2.) University of Port Harcourt Press. ISBN 978-2321-39-7
Chan, Eugene (2019年). “The Niger-Congo Language Phylum”. Numeral Systems of the World's Languages. 2021年4月閲覧。

外部リンク

Ijoid materials (Roger Blench)

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[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin et al., eds (2016). “Ijoid”. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History

[2] Dogon Languages Archived June 15, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved May 19, 2013

[3] Dimmendaal, Gerrit Jan (2011-01-01) (英語). Historical Linguistics and the Comparative Study of African Languages. John Benjamins Publishing. ISBN 978-9027211781

[4] Babaev, Kirill. “Joseph Greenberg and the Current State of Niger-Congo”. https://www.academia.edu/29429826

[5] Blench, Roger M. and Kay Williamson. 2007. Comparative Ijoid Word List. Unpublished Manuscript.

[Jenewari-6] Jenewari, Charles E. W. 1983. Defaka: Ijo's closest relative. (Delta Series, 2.) University of Port Harcourt Press. ISBN 978-2321-39-7

[ChanNumeralsNC-7] Chan, Eugene (2019年). “The Niger-Congo Language Phylum”. Numeral Systems of the World's Languages. 2021年4月閲覧。