中足趾節関節

中足趾節関節（ちゆうしそくせつかんせつ, 英語: metatarsophalangeal joints、MTP関節。その他、toe knucklesという言い方もある）とは、中足骨と基節骨の間にある関節である。

中足趾節関節
Metatarsophalangeal joints
Bones of the right foot; metatarsalphalangeal joints highlighted in an orange box
The MTP, IP, PIP, and DIP joints of the foot:
  • MetaTarsoPhalangeal, at the ball of the foot
  • Interphalangeal joints of the foot:
    • InterPhalangeal (big toe only has one joint)
    • Proximal InterPhalangeal
    • Distal InterPhalangeal
概要
表記・識別
ラテン語 articulationes metatarsophalangeae
MeSH D008683
グレイ解剖学 p.359
TA A03.6.10.801
FMA 71356、35222
解剖学用語

MTP関節は、中足骨における楕円形や丸みを帯びた、球状の頭（遠位部）と、基節骨底の浅い窪み（近位部）が近接しているため、顆状関節と呼ばれている。

この関節を覆う靭帯は、底側靭帯と背側靱帯、内側側副靭帯と外側側副靱帯である。

動作

中足趾節関節は、屈曲と伸展、さらに、わずかに外転と内転の動作が可能となっている。

  • Left: toes adducted (pulled towards the center) and spread (abducted); right, both feet clenched (plantar flexed)
    Left: toes adducted (pulled towards the center) and spread (abducted); right, both feet clenched (plantar flexed)
  • The upper foot is clenching (plantarflexing) at the MTP joints and at the joints of the toes; the central foot is lifting the toes (dorsiflexing) at the MTP joints; and the foot flat on the ground off to the side is in a neutral position.
    The upper foot is clenching (plantarflexing) at the MTP joints and at the joints of the toes; the central foot is lifting the toes (dorsiflexing) at the MTP joints; and the foot flat on the ground off to the side is in a neutral position.
  • Kneeling with the MTP joints dorsiflexed (except the MTP joint of the little toe)
    Kneeling with the MTP joints dorsiflexed (except the MTP joint of the little toe)
  • Measuring the dorsiflexion of the MTP joints

関連項目
  • 外反母趾
  • 強剛母趾 (stiff big toe)
  • 中足趾節関節捻挫 (turf toe)

参照

外部リンク
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