ウツボカズラ属の種一覧

このウツボカズラ属の種一覧では、食虫植物であるウツボカズラ属の知られているすべての種の包括的な一覧である。認識された170種の現存種、2種の未記載（incompletely diagnosed taxa）、3種の交雑種（nothospecies）を含む。また3種の絶滅種も含まれている。

スマトラ島の高地山林に生えるN. jamban (左) と N. lingulata (右)

それぞれの種のIUCNによる公式の保全状況は、レッドリスト最新版から取得した[1]。IUCNの基準に基づいた非公式の保全状況も含まれるが、それらはイタリック体で記載した。特に断りのない限り、分類学上の決定および他のすべての情報は、2009年に出版されたから供給されたスチュワート・マクファーソンの「Pitcher Plants of the Old World」によった[2]。「Pitcher Plants of the Old World」の掲載範囲外である生育分布の標高は他の最新の文献によったため、データの不一致があることを注意する。

それぞれの種の地理的範囲にあるすべての主要な島が含まれている。それより小さな周辺の島々については、網羅されていないが、別途「少数の島々」として挙げている。フィリピンのような群島の場合、自生している個々の島については、括弧内に示した。

命名者は、International Plant Names Indexで指定された略語で示した[3]。年号は、規約に沿った正式な手続きで命名された年であるが、Ｂasionymが存在する場合、Ｂasionymが命名された年とした。

現存種

種	命名者	年号	分布範囲	分布地の高度	IUCN保全状況
Nepenthes abalata[4]	Jebb & Cheek[4]	2013[4]	フィリピン (クリオン島, クーヨー島, マラリソン島)[4]	0–20 m[4]	近絶滅種[4]
Nepenthes abgracilis[5]	Jebb & Cheek[5]	2013[5]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[5]	670 m[5]	近絶滅種[5]
Nepenthes adnata	Tamin & M.Hotta ex Schlauer	1994	スマトラ島	600–1200 m	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes aenigma[6]	Nuytemans,W.Suarez & Calaramo[6]	2016[6]	フィリピン (ルソン島)[6]	c. 1200 m[6]	データ不足[6]
Nepenthes alata	Blanco	1837	フィリピン (ルソン島)[7][nb 1]	550–? m[nb 1]	低危険種
Nepenthes alba	Ridl.	1924	半島マレーシア	1600–2187 m
Nepenthes albomarginata	T.Lobb ex Lindl.	1849	ボルネオ島, 半島マレーシア, スマトラ島 Minor islands: ニアス島, ペナン島	0–1100 m[nb 2]	保全対策依存
Nepenthes alzapan[9]	Jebb & Cheek[9]	2013[9]	フィリピン (ルソン島)[9]	1800 m[9]	データ不足
Nepenthes ampullaria ツボウツボカズラ	Jack	1835	ボルネオ島, モルッカ諸島, ニューギニア島, 半島マレーシア, シンガポール, スマトラ島, タイ王国 Minor islands: バンカ島, ベンカリス島, ランター島, タルタオ島, ランカウイ島, Mendol, ムンタワイ諸島 (シベルト島), Meranti Islands (Padang, Rangsang, トゥビン・ティンギ島), ニアス島, ペナン島,リアウ諸島州(リンガ諸島, ナトゥナ諸島,[10] リアウ諸島), ルパット島[11]	0–2100 m	低危険種
Nepenthes andamana[12]	M.Catal.[12]	2010[12]	タイ王国[12]	0–50 m[13]
Nepenthes angasanensis	Maulder, D.Schub., B.R.Salmon & B.Quinn	1999	スマトラ島	2200–2800 m	保全対策依存
Nepenthes appendiculata[14]	Chi.C.Lee, Bourke, Rembold, W.Taylor & S.T.Yeo[14]	2011[14]	ボルネオ島[14]	1450–1700 m[14]	データ不足[14]
Nepenthes argentii	Jebb & Cheek	1997	フィリピン (シブヤン島)	1400–1900 m	危急種
Nepenthes aristolochioides	Jebb & Cheek	1997	スマトラ島	1800–2500 m	近絶滅種
Nepenthes armin[15]	Jebb & Cheek[15]	2014[15]	フィリピン (シブヤン島)[15]	750 m[15]	近絶滅種[15]
Nepenthes attenboroughii ネペンテス・アッテンボロギ	A.S.Rob. S.McPherson & V.B.Heinrich	2009	フィリピン (パラワン島)	1450[16]–1726 m	近絶滅種
Nepenthes barcelonae[17]	Tandang & Cheek[17]	2015[17]	フィリピン (ルソン島)[17]		近絶滅種[17]
Nepenthes beccariana	Macfarl.	1908	ニアス島, スマトラ島?[18]	unknown (0–<800 m)[19]	データ不足[20]
Nepenthes bellii	K.Kondo	1969	フィリピン (ディナガット島, ミンダナオ島)	0–800 m	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes benstonei	C.Clarke	1999	半島マレーシア	150[21]–1350 m[22]	データ不足[18][20]
Nepenthes bicalcarata	Hook.f.	1873	ボルネオ島	0–?950 m[nb 3]	危急種
Nepenthes bokorensis	Mey	2009	Cambodia	800–1080 m	絶滅危惧種[23]
Nepenthes bongso	Korth.	1839	スマトラ島	1000–2700 m	危急種
Nepenthes boschiana	Korth.	1839	ボルネオ島	1200–1800 m[nb 4]	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes burbidgeae	Hook.f. ex Burb.	1882	ボルネオ島	1200–1800 m[nb 5]	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes burkei	Hort.Veitch ex Mast.	1889	フィリピン (ミンドロ島, パナイ島?)	1100–2000 m	保全対策依存[20]
Nepenthes campanulata	Sh.Kurata	1973	ボルネオ島, フィリピン (パラワン島?[26])	100–300 m[26]	危急種
Nepenthes ceciliae[27]	Gronem., Coritico, Micheler, Marwinski, Acil &V.B.Amoroso[27]	2011[27]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[27]	1500–1880 m[27]
Nepenthes chang[28]	M.Catal.[28]	2010[28]	タイ王国[28]	300–600 m[28]
Nepenthes chaniana	C.Clarke, Chi.C.Lee & S.McPherson	2006	ボルネオ島	1100–1800 m	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes cid[5]	Jebb & Cheek[5]	2013[5]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[5]	770 m[5]	近絶滅種[5]
Nepenthes clipeata	Danser	1928	ボルネオ島	600–800 m	近絶滅種
Nepenthes copelandii	Merr. ex Macfarl.	1908	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)	1100–2400 m[16]	データ不足[20]
Nepenthes cornuta[29]	Marwinski, Coritico, Wistuba, Micheler, Gronem., Gieray & V.B.Amoroso[29]	2014[29]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[29]	~1000 m[29]	危急種[29]
Nepenthes danseri	Jebb & Cheek	1997	ラジャ・アンパット諸島 (ワイゲオ島)[30]	0–320 m	危急種
Nepenthes deaniana	Macfarl.	1908	フィリピン (パラワン島)	1180–1296 m	近危急種
Nepenthes densiflora	Danser	1940	スマトラ島	1700–3200 m	保全対策依存
Nepenthes diatas	Jebb & Cheek	1997	スマトラ島	2400–2900 m	保全対策依存
Nepenthes distillatoria	L.	1753	Sri Lanka	0–700 m	危急種
Nepenthes dubia	Danser	1928	スマトラ島	1600–2700 m	近絶滅種
Nepenthes edwardsiana	H.Low ex Hook.f.	1859	ボルネオ島	1600–2700 m[nb 6]	危急種
Nepenthes ephippiata	Danser	1928	ボルネオ島	1300–2000 m[nb 7]	危急種
Nepenthes epiphytica[32]	A.S.Rob., Nerz & Wistuba[32]	2011[32]	ボルネオ島[32]	~1000 m[32]
Nepenthes eustachya	Miq.	1858	スマトラ島	0–1600	低危険種
Nepenthes extincta[33]	Jebb & Cheek[33]	2013[33]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[33]	c. 400 m[33]	近絶滅種[33]
Nepenthes eymae	Sh.Kurata	1984	スラウェシ島	1000–2000 m	危急種
Nepenthes faizaliana	J.H.Adam & Wilcock	1991	ボルネオ島	400–1600 m	危急種
Nepenthes flava	Wistuba, Nerz & A.Fleischm.	2007	スマトラ島	1800–2200 m
Nepenthes fusca	Danser	1928	ボルネオ島	300[34]–2500 m	危急種
Nepenthes gantungensis[35]	S.McPherson, Cervancia, Chi.C.Lee, Jaunzems, Mey & A.S.Rob.[35]	2010[35]	フィリピン (パラワン島)[35]	1600–1784 m[35]	危急種
Nepenthes glabrata	J.R.Turnbull & A.T.Middleton	1984	スラウェシ島	1600–2100 m	危急種
Nepenthes glandulifera	Chi.C.Lee	2004	ボルネオ島	1100–1700 m
Nepenthes graciliflora[7]	Elmer[7]	1912[7]	フィリピン (ボホール島, レイテ島, ルソン島, ミンダナオ島, ミンドロ島, Panay, Samar, シブヤン島)[7]	300–1280 m[7]
Nepenthes gracilis	Korth.	1839	ボルネオ島, カンボジア,[36] 半島マレーシア, シンガポール, スラウェシ島, スマトラ島, タイ王国 Minor islands: バンカ島, バトゥ諸島, ブリトゥン島,[37] ベンカリス島, ランター島, タルタオ島, ラブアン,[38] ランカウイ島, Mendol, ムンタワイ諸島 (シベルト島), Meranti Islands (Padang, Rangsang, トゥビン・ティンギ島), Musala, ニアス島, ペナン島, プーケット県,リアウ諸島州(リンガ諸島, ナトゥナ諸島,[10] リアウ諸島), ルパット島[11]	0–1100 m[nb 8]	低危険種
Nepenthes gracillima	Ridl.	1908	半島マレーシア	1400–2000 m[21]	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes gymnamphora	Reinw.ex Nees	1824	ジャワ島, スマトラ島	600–2800 m	低危険種
Nepenthes halmahera[30]	Cheek[30]	2015[30]	モルッカ諸島 (ハルマヘラ島)[30]	10–760 m[30]	近絶滅種[30]
Nepenthes hamata	J.R.Turnbull & A.T.Middleton	1984	スラウェシ島	1400–2500 m	危急種
Nepenthes hamiguitanensis[39]	Gronem., Wistuba, V.B.Heinrich, S.McPherson, Mey & V.B.Amoroso[39]	2010[39]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[39]	1200–1600 m[39]	危急種[39]
Nepenthes hemsleyana[40]	Macfarl.[40]	1908[40]	ボルネオ島[40]	0–200 m[41]	保全対策依存[42]
Nepenthes hirsuta	Hook.f.	1873	ボルネオ島	200–1100 m[nb 9]	保全対策依存
Nepenthes hispida	Beck	1895	ボルネオ島	100–800 m	保全対策依存
Nepenthes holdenii[44]	Mey[44]	2010[44]	カンボジア[44]	600–800 m[44]	近危急種[44]
Nepenthes hurrelliana	Cheek & A.L.Lamb	2003	ボルネオ島	1300[34]–2400 m
Nepenthes inermis	Danser	1928	スマトラ島	1500–2600 m	危急種
Nepenthes insignis	Danser	1928	ニューギニア島, ビアク諸島	0–850 m	危急種
Nepenthes izumiae	Troy Davis, C.Clarke & Tamin	2003	スマトラ島	1700–1900 m	データ不足[45]
Nepenthes jacquelineae	C.Clarke, Troy Davis & Tamin	2001	スマトラ島	1700–2200 m	データ不足[18][20] / 保全対策依存[45]
Nepenthes jamban	Chi.C.Lee, Hernawati & Akhriadi	2006	スマトラ島	1800–2100 m
Nepenthes junghuhnii	sensu Macfarl. in sched. 裸名	1917	スマトラ島	1220 m	データ不足[20]
Nepenthes justinae[6]	Gronem., Wistuba, Mey & V.B.Amoroso[6]	2016[6]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[6]	1000–1620 m[6]	危急種[6]
Nepenthes kampotiana	Lecomte	1909	カンボジア, タイ王国, Vietnam[46]	0–600 m[21]
Nepenthes kerrii[47]	M.Catal. & Kruetr.[47]	2010[47]	タイ王国 Minor islands: ランカウイ島?[48]	400–500 m
Nepenthes khasiana	Hook.f.	1873	インド	500–1500 m	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes kitanglad[33]	Jebb & Cheek[33]	2013[33]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[33]	1800–2100 m[33]	近絶滅種[33]
Nepenthes klossii	Ridl.	1916	ニューギニア島	930[49]–2000 m	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes kongkandana	M.Catal. & Kruetr.[50]	2015[50]	タイ王国	0–50 m
Nepenthes krabiensis[51]	Nuanlaong, Onsanit, Chusangrach & Suraninpong[51]	2016[51]	タイ王国[51]	600–700 m[51]	近絶滅種[51]
Nepenthes lamii	Jebb & Cheek	1997	ニューギニア島	3200–3520 m[52]	低危険種
Nepenthes lavicola	Wistuba & Rischer	1996	スマトラ島	2000–2600 m	近絶滅種
Nepenthes leonardoi[53]	S.McPherson, Bourke, Cervancia, Jaunzems & A.S.Rob.[53]	2011[53]	フィリピン (パラワン島)[53]	1300–1490 m[53]	低危険種
Nepenthes leyte[33]	Jebb & Cheek[33]	2013[33]	フィリピン (レイテ島)[33]	900 m[33]	近絶滅種[33]
Nepenthes lingulata	Chi.C.Lee, Hernawati & Akhriadi	2006	スマトラ島	1700–2100 m
Nepenthes longifolia	Nerz & Wistuba	1994	スマトラ島	300–1100 m	危急種[18][20] / 近絶滅種[45]
Nepenthes lowii シビンウツボカズラ	Hook.f.	1859	ボルネオ島	1650–2600 m[nb 10]	危急種
Nepenthes macfarlanei	Hemsl.	1905	半島マレーシア	900–2150 m	危急種
Nepenthes macrophylla	(Marabini) Jebb & Cheek	1997	ボルネオ島	2200–2642 m[nb 11]	近絶滅種
Nepenthes macrovulgaris	J.R.Turnbull & A.T.Middleton	1988	ボルネオ島	300–1200 m[nb 12]	危急種
Nepenthes madagascariensis マダガスカルウツボカズラ	Poir.	1797	Madagascar	0–500 m	危急種
Nepenthes mantalingajanensis	Nerz & Wistuba	2007	フィリピン (パラワン島)	1700–2085 m	低危険種
Nepenthes mapuluensis	J.H.Adam & Wilcock	1990	ボルネオ島	700–800 m	近危急種
Nepenthes maryae[56]	Jebb & Cheek[56]	2016[56]	スラウェシ島[56]	2100 m[56]	危急種[56]
Nepenthes masoalensis	Schmid-Hollinger	1977	Madagascar	0–400 m	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes maxima ムラサキウツボカズラ	Reinw.ex Nees	1824	ダントルカストー諸島,[57] モルッカ諸島, ニューギニア島, スラウェシ島 Minor islands: Wowoni?[58]	40[59]–2600 m	低危険種
Nepenthes merrilliana	Macfarl.	1911	フィリピン (ディナガット島, ミンダナオ島, Samar[60])	0–1100 m[16]	危急種
Nepenthes micramphora	V.B.Heinrich, S.McPherson, Gronem. & V.B.Amoroso	2009	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)	1100–1635 m
Nepenthes mikei	B.R.Salmon& Maulder	1995	スマトラ島	1100–2800 m	危急種
Nepenthes mindanaoensis	Sh.Kurata	2001	フィリピン (ディナガット島, ミンダナオ島)	0–1400 m	絶滅危惧種[20]
Nepenthes minima[61]	Jebb & Cheek[61]	2016[61]	スラウェシ島[61]	1000–1700 m[61]	危急種[61]
Nepenthes mira	Jebb & Cheek	1998	フィリピン (パラワン島)	1550–1605 m	危急種
Nepenthes mirabilis ナンヨウウツボカズラ	(Lour.) Rafarin[62]	1869[62]	オーストラリア, ボルネオ島, カンボジア, カロリン諸島 (パラオ, ヤップ島), 中国 (広東省, 海南省,[63] 香港, マカオ), ダントルカストー諸島, ジャワ島, ラオス, Louisiade Archipelago, モルッカ諸島, Myanmar, ニューギニア島, 半島マレーシア, フィリピン (ディナガット島, ミンダナオ島), スラウェシ島, スマトラ島, タイ王国, ベトナム Minor islands: Babi, バンカ島, バニャク諸島, バトゥ諸島, ベンカリス島, エンガノ島, ランター島, タルタオ島, ランカウイ島, Mendol, ムンタワイ諸島 (North Pagai, シベルト島, Sipura, South Pagai), Meranti Islands (Padang, Rangsang, トゥビン・ティンギ島), ニアス島, ペナン島, プーケット県,リアウ諸島州(リンガ諸島, リアウ諸島), ルパット島,[11] タウイタウイ州,[33] Wowoni?[58]	0–1500 m	低危険種
Nepenthes mollis	Danser	1928	ボルネオ島	~1800 m	データ不足
Nepenthes monticola[52]	A.S.Rob., Wistuba, Nerz, M.Mansur & S.McPherson[52]	2011[52]	ニューギニア島[52]	1400–2620 m[52]	低危険種
Nepenthes muluensis	M.Hotta	1966	ボルネオ島	1700–2400 m	危急種
Nepenthes murudensis	Culham ex Jebb & Cheek	1997	ボルネオ島	2000–2423 m	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes naga	Akhriadi, Hernawati, Primaldhi & M.Hambali	2009	スマトラ島	1500–2000 m	危急種
Nepenthes nebularum[64]	G.Mansell & W.Suarez[64]	2016[64]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[64]	≤1800 m[64]	データ不足[64]
Nepenthes negros[7]	Jebb & Cheek[7]	2013[7]	フィリピン (Biliran, Negros)[7]		近絶滅種[7]
Nepenthes neoguineensis	Macfarl.	1911	ダントルカストー諸島, ニューギニア島, ラジャ・アンパット諸島 (Misool?[49])	0–1400 m	低危険種
Nepenthes nigra[65]	Nerz, Wistuba, Chi.C.Lee, Bourke, U.Zimm. & S.McPherson[65]	2011[65]	スラウェシ島[65]	1500–2700 m[65]	低危険種
Nepenthes northiana	Hook.f.	1881	ボルネオ島	0–500 m	危急種
Nepenthes ovata	Nerz & Wistuba	1994	スマトラ島	1700–2100 m	危急種
Nepenthes palawanensis[66]	S.McPherson, Cervancia, Chi.C.Lee, Jaunzems, Mey & A.S.Rob.[66]	2010[66]	フィリピン (パラワン島)[66]	1100–1236 m[66]	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes paniculata	Danser	1928	ニューギニア島	~1460 m	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes pantaronensis[29]	Gieray, Gronem., Wistuba, Marwinski, Micheler, Coritico & V.B.Amoroso[29]	2014[29]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[29]	"intermediate altitudes"[29]	近危急種[29]
Nepenthes papuana	Danser	1928	ニューギニア島	0–1300 m	低危険種
Nepenthes parvula[67]	W.Wilson & S.Venter[67]	2016	オーストラリア[67]
Nepenthes peltata	Sh.Kurata	2008	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)	865–1635 m
Nepenthes pervillei セーシェルウツボカズラ	Blume	1852	セーシェル諸島	350–750 m	危急種
Nepenthes petiolata	Danser	1928	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)	1450–1900 m	データ不足[20]
Nepenthes philippinensis	Macfarl.	1908	フィリピン (Busuanga, Coron, Culion, Linapacan, パラワン島)[16][68]	0–600 m	低危険種
Nepenthes pilosa	Danser	1928	ボルネオ島	~1600 m	データ不足
Nepenthes pitopangii	Chi.C.Lee, S.McPherson, Bourke & M.Mansur[69]	2009[69]	スラウェシ島	1400–1800 m[48]	危急種
Nepenthes platychila	Chi.C.Lee	2002	ボルネオ島	900–1400 m
Nepenthes pulchra[70]	Gronem., S.McPherson, Coritico, Micheler, Marwinski & V.B.Amoroso[70]	2011[70]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[70]	1300–1800 m[70]
Nepenthes rafflesiana ウツボカズラ	Jack	1835	ボルネオ島, 半島マレーシア, シンガポール, スマトラ島 Minor islands: バンカ島, ラブアン,[38]リアウ諸島州(リンガ諸島, ナトゥナ諸島,[10] リアウ諸島)[11]	0–1200 m[nb 13]	低危険種
Nepenthes rajah オオウツボカズラ	Hook.f.	1859	ボルネオ島	1500–2650 m	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes ramispina	Ridl.	1909	半島マレーシア	900–2000 m	危急種
Nepenthes ramos[71]	Jebb & Cheek[71]	2013[71]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[71] Minor islands: Camiguin, other neighbouring islands[6]	at least 670–1400 m[nb 14]	近絶滅種[71] / 近危急種[6]
Nepenthes reinwardtiana	Miq.	1852	ボルネオ島, スマトラ島 Minor islands: バンカ島, ムンタワイ諸島 (シベルト島), ニアス島,リアウ諸島州(ナトゥナ諸島[10])[11]	0–2200 m	低危険種
Nepenthes rhombicaulis	Sh.Kurata	1973	スマトラ島	1600–2000 m	危急種
Nepenthes rigidifolia	Akhriadi, Hernawati & Tamin	2004	スマトラ島	1000–1600 m	近絶滅種
Nepenthes robcantleyi	Cheek[72]	2011[72]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[72]	~1800 m[72]	近絶滅種[72]
Nepenthes rosea[73]	M.Catal. & Kruetr.[73]	2014[73]	タイ王国[73]	450–520 m[73]
Nepenthes rowaniae	F.M.Bailey	1897	オーストラリア	0–80 m	低危険種
Nepenthes samar[74]	Jebb & Cheek[74]	2013[74]	フィリピン (Samar)[74]	"low elevation"[74]	近絶滅種[74]
Nepenthes sanguinea	Lindl.	1849	半島マレーシア, タイ王国	300–1800 m	保全対策依存
Nepenthes saranganiensis	Sh.Kurata	2003	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)	1800–2100 m
Nepenthes sibuyanensis	Nerz	1998	フィリピン (シブヤン島)	1250–1500 m[nb 15]	危急種
Nepenthes singalana	Becc.	1886	スマトラ島	2000–2900 m	危急種
Nepenthes smilesii	Hemsl.	1895	カンボジア,[77] Laos, タイ王国, Vietnam[78]	0[77]–1500 m
Nepenthes spathulata	Danser	1935	Java, スマトラ島	1100–2900 m	危急種
Nepenthes spectabilis	Danser	1928	スマトラ島	1400–2200 m	危急種
Nepenthes stenophylla	Mast.	1890	ボルネオ島	800–2600 m[nb 16]	低危険種
Nepenthes sumagaya[79]	Cheek[79]	2014[79]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[29]	1600–2247 m[29]	絶滅危惧種[29]
Nepenthes sumatrana	(Miq.) Beck	1895	スマトラ島	0–800 m	近絶滅種
Nepenthes suratensis[80]	M.Catal.[80]	2010[80]	タイ王国[80]	0–200 m[48]	近絶滅種
Nepenthes surigaoensis	Elmer	1915	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)	800–1200 m[nb 17]
Nepenthes talaandig[29]	Gronem., Coritico, Wistuba, Micheler, Marwinski, Gieray & V.B.Amoroso[29]	2014[29]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[29]	~1000 m[29]	危急種[29]
Nepenthes talangensis	Nerz & Wistuba	1994	スマトラ島	1800–2500 m	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes tboli[15]	Jebb & Cheek[15]	2014[15]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[15]	1463 m[15]	近絶滅種[15]
Nepenthes tenax	C.Clarke & R.Kruger	2006	オーストラリア	0–80 m	低危険種
Nepenthes tentaculata	Hook.f.	1873	ボルネオ島, スラウェシ島	400–2550 m	低危険種
Nepenthes tenuis	Nerz & Wistuba	1994	スマトラ島	1000–1200 m	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes thai[23]	Cheek[23]	2009[23]	タイ王国[23]	500–600 m[23]	絶滅危惧種[23]
Nepenthes thorelii	Lecomte	1909	Vietnam	10–20 m[82]	データ不足
Nepenthes tobaica	Danser	1928	スマトラ島	380–1800 m[nb 18]	低危険種
Nepenthes tomoriana	Danser	1928	スラウェシ島	0–500 m	危急種
Nepenthes treubiana	Warb.	1891	ニューギニア島, ラジャ・アンパット諸島 (Misool?)	0–80 m[nb 19]	低危険種
Nepenthes truncata トランカータ	Macfarl.	1911	フィリピン (ディナガット島, レイテ島, ミンダナオ島)[16]	0–1500 m	絶滅危惧種
Nepenthes ultra[83]	Jebb & Cheek[83]	2013[83]	フィリピン (ルソン島)[83]	1.5–40(–400?) m[83][nb 20]	絶滅危惧種[83]
Nepenthes undulatifolia[84]	Nerz, Wistuba, U.Zimm., Chi.C.Lee, Pirade & Pitopang[84]	2011[84]	スラウェシ島[84]	~1800 m[84]	データ不足[84]
Nepenthes veitchii	Hook.f.	1859	ボルネオ島	0–1600 m	近危急種
Nepenthes ventricosa ベントリコーサ	Blanco	1837	フィリピン (ルソン島, Panay, シブヤン島)[16]	1000–2000 m	近危急種
Nepenthes vieillardii	Hook.f.	1873	New Caledonia	0–850 m	低危険種
Nepenthes villosa	Hook.f.	1852	ボルネオ島	1600–3240 m[nb 21]	危急種
Nepenthes viridis[85]	Micheler, Gronem., Wistuba, Marwinski, W.Suarez & V.B.Amoroso[85]	2013[85]	フィリピン (ディナガット島, Samar)[85] Minor islands: numerous unspecified islets off Dinagat[85]
Nepenthes vogelii	Schuit. & de Vogel	2002	ボルネオ島	1000–1500 m
Nepenthes weda[30]	Cheek[30]	2015[30]	モルッカ諸島 (ハルマヘラ島)[30]	415–1014 m[30]	近絶滅種[30]
Nepenthes zygon[15]	Jebb & Cheek[15]	2014[15]	フィリピン (ミンダナオ島)[15]	1500–1875 m[15]	近絶滅種[15]

未記載種

次の未記載種（undescribed taxa）は、書籍「Pitcher Plants of the Old World」とその補足書で2011年出版の「New Nepenthes: Volume One」[48]から引用した。

タクソン	画像	分布地	分布地高度
Nepenthes sp. Anipahan[86]		フィリピン (パラワン島)[86]	1200–1400 m[86]
Nepenthes sp. Misool		ラジャ・アンパット諸島 (ミソール島)	0–30 m

交雑種

Matthew JebbとMartin Cheekは、ウツボカズラ類の研究論文("A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae)" (1997) and "Nepenthaceae" (2001))にて3種の交雑種を認証した。最新の文献によると、それらのタクサは一般に種とよりむしろ自然交配として扱っている[2][18][24][25]。3種のうちN. × kinabaluensisは、種として扱うべきとの主張が最も高いが、それらの2大生育地では、親種と推測されている種に依存している[24][87] 。それらの生育地では、何世代にもわたって同じ特徴を示している[24]。Jumaat Haji AdamとC. C. Wilcockは、1998年発表の記事にて、N. × kinabaluensisは、種として認識するよう提唱した[88]。

交雑種	親種	命名者	年号	分布地	分布地高度	IUCN保全状況
Nepenthes × hookeriana	N. ampullaria × N. rafflesiana	Hort.Veitch ex Mast.	1881	ボルネオ島, 半島マレーシア, シンガポール, スマトラ島[34]	0–450 m[8]	低危険種[20]
Nepenthes × kinabaluensis	N. rajah × N. villosa	Sh.Kurata ex Sh.Kurata	1984	ボルネオ島[34]	2420–3030 m[34]	絶滅危惧種[20]
Nepenthes × trichocarpa	N. ampullaria × N. gracilis	Miq.	1858	ボルネオ島, 半島マレーシア, シンガポール, スマトラ島,[34] タイ王国[78]	0–800 m[24]	低危険種[20]

絶滅種

世界の各地から採取された花粉の化石のうち、その多くは、form taxonであるDroseridites属に分類されていたが、いくつかの著者によってウツボカズラ属に暫定的に割り当てられた[89][90][91] 。以下の3種は1985年ウィルフリード・クラッツスチによってウツボカズラ属に移した [89]

種	命名者	年号	地域	年代
Nepenthes echinatus	(Hunger) Krutzsch	1985	ヨーロッパ	暁新世
Nepenthes echinosporus	(R.Potonié) Krutzsch	1985	ヨーロッパ	暁新世
Nepenthes major	(Krutzsch) Krutzsch	1985	ヨーロッパ	暁新世

Droseridites major と Droseridites parvusは、Nepenthidites laitryngewensisのシノニムと考える著者もいる[92][93] 。

南インド洋にあるフランス領南方・南極地域のケルゲレン諸島から採取された花粉の化石は、元々Droseridites spinosusと命名されたが、ウツボカズラ属の植物であると解釈する文献もある[94]

脚注

Under the narrow circumscription of Cheek & Jebb (2013), N. alata is restricted to northern Luzon, with the more southerly plants previously referred to this species actually representing N. graciliflora, N. negros, and N. ramos.[7] This N. alata sensu stricto has an altitudinal distribution of 550 m and above.[7]
Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give an upper altitudinal limit of 1200 m for N. albomarginata.[8]
Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) cite a record of N. bicalcarata from Mount Periok in Brunei at c. 1600 m.[8]
Cheek & Jebb (2001) give a range of 780–1880 m for N. boschiana,[24] while Clarke (1997) gives a range of 900–1880 m.[25]
Cheek & Jebb (2001) give an upper altitudinal limit of 2250 m for N. burbidgeae,[24] while Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give a range of 1100–2300 m.[8]
Cheek & Jebb (2001), Clarke (1997) and Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give a lower altitudinal limit of 1500 m for N. edwardsiana.[8][24][25]
Cheek & Jebb (2001) give a lower altitudinal limit of 1000 m for N. ephippiata.[24] The species has reportedly been collected from Bukit Raya at 2000–2270 m.[8][31]
Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give an upper altitudinal limit of 1700 m for N. gracilis.[8]
Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give a range of 150–1500 m for N. hirsuta,[8] while Mansur & Brearley (2008) report finding it at elevations as low as 160 m.[43]
Cheek & Jebb (2001) give a lower altitudinal limit of 1600 m for N. lowii,[24] while Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give a range of 900–3400 m.[8]
The lower altitudinal limit of 2000 m given for N. macrophylla in some older sources[54] is apparently incorrect.[2][55]
Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give a lower altitudinal limit of 250 m for N. macrovulgaris.[8]
Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give an upper altitudinal limit of 1500 m for N. rafflesiana.[8]
The paratype of N. ramos was collected at 670 m[71] and N. kurata (which has been synonymised with N. ramos[6]) has been recorded at c. 1400 m.[33]
Rybka, Rybková & Cantley (2005) give a range of 1200–1800 m for N. sibuyanensis,[75] while the authors of the describing paper give a range of 1500–1800 m.[76]
Mansur & Brearley (2008) report finding N. stenophylla at 400 m.[43]
記載を行ったアドルフ・ダニエル・エドワード・エルマーによれば、Nepenthes surigaoensis は高度1750メートルほど（原記載文献では「5750フィート」という書き方）の場所に生育する[81]。
Cheek & Jebb (2001) give an upper altitudinal limit of 2750 m for N. tobaica.[24]
Cheek & Jebb (2001) give an upper altitudinal limit of 500 m for N. treubiana.[24]
The upper altitudinal limit of 400 m is uncertain as it is based on the figure given on Google Earth for an "inexact grid-reference" associated with a herbarium specimen.[83]
Nepenthes villosa generally grows at elevations of 2300–3240 m, but is more common at 1600–1900 m on Mount Tambuyukon.[2] Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give an upper altitudinal limit of 3400 m for this species.[8]

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Robinson, A., J. Nerz, A. Wistuba, M. Mansur & S. McPherson 2011. Nepenthes lamii Jebb & Cheek, an emended description resulting from the separation of a two-species complex, and the introduction of Nepenthes monticola, a new species of highland pitcher plant from New Guinea. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 522–555.
McPherson, S., G. Bourke, J. Cervancia, M. Jaunzems, E. Gironella, A. Robinson & A. Fleischmann 2011. Nepenthes leonardoi (Nepenthaceae), a new pitcher plant species from Palawan, Philippines. Carniflora Australis 8(1): 4–19.
Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.
Bourke, G. 2007. Exploring the upper reaches of Gunung Trus Madi. Carniflora Australis (9): 9–16.
Cheek, M. & M. Jebb 2016. A new section in Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) and a new species from Sulawesi. Blumea 61: 59–62. doi:10.3767/000651916X691510
Jebb, M.H.P. 1991. An account of Nepenthes in New Guinea. Science in New Guinea 17(1): 7–54.
（インドネシア語） Sunarti, S., A. Hidayat & Rugayah 2008. Keanekaragaman tumbuhan di hutan Pegunungan Waworete, Kecamatan Wawonii Timur, Pulau Wawonii, Sulawesi Tenggara. [Plants diversity at the mountain forest of Waworete, East Wawonii District, Wawonii Island, Southeast Sulawesi.] Biodiversitas 9(3): 194–198.
Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba 2000. Nepenthes maxima. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.1. IUCN.
Robinson, A. 2012. Nepenthes merrilliana on Samar. Carnivorous Plants in the tropics, June 29, 2012.
Cheek, M. & M.H.P. Jebb (2016). Nepenthes minima (Nepenthaceae), a new pyrophytic grassland species from Sulawesi, Indonesia. Blumea 61: 181–185. doi:10.3767/000651916X693509
Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes mirabilis. Carnivorous Plant Database.
Nepenthes mirabilis. Flora of China.
Mansell, G. & W. Suarez (2016). Nepenthes nebularum, a new species from Mindanao, Philippines. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 45(4): 132–139.
Nerz, J., A. Wistuba, C.C. Lee, G. Bourke, U. Zimmermann & S. McPherson 2011. Nepenthes nigra, a new pitcher plant from Central Sulawesi. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 468–491.
McPherson, S., J. Cervancia, C. Lee, M. Jaunzems, A. Fleischmann, F. Mey, E. Gironella & A. Robinson 2010. Nepenthes palawanensis (Nepenthaceae), a new pitcher plant species from Sultan Peak, Palawan Island, Philippines. In: S.R. McPherson Carnivorous Plants and their Habitats. Volume 2. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 1332–1339.
Wilson, G.W. & S. Venter (2016). Nepenthes parvula (Nepenthaceae), a new species from Cape York, Queensland, Australia. Phytotaxa 277(2): 199–204. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.277.2.7
McPherson, S.R. 2011. Observations of Nepenthes philippinensis and related taxa. In: New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 382–395.
Lee, C.C., S. McPherson, G. Bourke & M. Mansur 2009. Nepenthes pitopangii (Nepenthaceae), a new species from central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 61(1): 95–100.
Gronemeyer, T., S. McPherson, F. Coritico, M. Micheler, D. Marwinski & V. Amoroso 2011. Nepenthes pulchra, a new pitcher plant species from Mount Kiamo, Mindanao. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 424–439.
Cheek, M. & M. Jebb 2013. Nepenthes ramos (Nepenthaceae), a new species from Mindanao, Philippines. Willdenowia 43(1): 107–111. doi:10.3372/wi.43.43112
Cheek, M. 2011. Nepenthes robcantleyi sp. nov. (Nepenthaceae) from Mindanao, Philippines. Nordic Journal of Botany 29(6): 677–681. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.2011.01449.x
（イタリア語） Catalano, M. 2014. Nepenthes rosea, una nuova specie dalla Thailandia peninsulare. AIPC Magazine 36: 24–31.
Cheek, M. & M. Jebb 2013. Nepenthes samar (Nepenthaceae), a new species from Samar, Philippines. Blumea 58(1): 82–84. doi:10.3767/000651913X673513
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Nerz, J., P. Mann, T. Alt & T. Smith 1998. Nepenthes sibuyanensis, a new Nepenthes from Sibuyan, a remote island of the Philippines. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 27(1): 18–23.
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（ドイツ語） Micheler, M., T. Gronemeyer, A. Wistuba, D. Marwinski, W. Suarez & V. Amoroso 2013. Nepenthes viridis, eine neue Nepenthes-Art von der Insel Dinagat, Philippinen. Das Taublatt 76: 4–21.
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[alata-8] Under the narrow circumscription of Cheek & Jebb (2013), N. alata is restricted to northern Luzon, with the more southerly plants previously referred to this species actually representing N. graciliflora, N. negros, and N. ramos.[7] This N. alata sensu stricto has an altitudinal distribution of 550 m and above.[7]

[10] Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give an upper altitudinal limit of 1200 m for N. albomarginata.[8]

[25] Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) cite a record of N. bicalcarata from Mount Periok in Brunei at c. 1600 m.[8]

[29] Cheek & Jebb (2001) give a range of 780–1880 m for N. boschiana,[24] while Clarke (1997) gives a range of 900–1880 m.[25]

[30] Cheek & Jebb (2001) give an upper altitudinal limit of 2250 m for N. burbidgeae,[24] while Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give a range of 1100–2300 m.[8]

[36] Cheek & Jebb (2001), Clarke (1997) and Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give a lower altitudinal limit of 1500 m for N. edwardsiana.[8][24][25]

[38] Cheek & Jebb (2001) give a lower altitudinal limit of 1000 m for N. ephippiata.[24] The species has reportedly been collected from Bukit Raya at 2000–2270 m.[8][31]

[46] Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give an upper altitudinal limit of 1700 m for N. gracilis.[8]

[52] Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give a range of 150–1500 m for N. hirsuta,[8] while Mansur & Brearley (2008) report finding it at elevations as low as 160 m.[43]

[63] Cheek & Jebb (2001) give a lower altitudinal limit of 1600 m for N. lowii,[24] while Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give a range of 900–3400 m.[8]

[66] The lower altitudinal limit of 2000 m given for N. macrophylla in some older sources[54] is apparently incorrect.[2][55]

[67] Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give a lower altitudinal limit of 250 m for N. macrovulgaris.[8]

[83] Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give an upper altitudinal limit of 1500 m for N. rafflesiana.[8]

[85] The paratype of N. ramos was collected at 670 m[71] and N. kurata (which has been synonymised with N. ramos[6]) has been recorded at c. 1400 m.[33]

[91] Rybka, Rybková & Cantley (2005) give a range of 1200–1800 m for N. sibuyanensis,[75] while the authors of the describing paper give a range of 1500–1800 m.[76]

[94] Mansur & Brearley (2008) report finding N. stenophylla at 400 m.[43]

[98] 記載を行ったアドルフ・ダニエル・エドワード・エルマーによれば、Nepenthes surigaoensis は高度1750メートルほど（原記載文献では「5750フィート」という書き方）の場所に生育する[81]。

[100] Cheek & Jebb (2001) give an upper altitudinal limit of 2750 m for N. tobaica.[24]

[101] Cheek & Jebb (2001) give an upper altitudinal limit of 500 m for N. treubiana.[24]

[103] The upper altitudinal limit of 400 m is uncertain as it is based on the figure given on Google Earth for an "inexact grid-reference" associated with a herbarium specimen.[83]

[105] Nepenthes villosa generally grows at elevations of 2300–3240 m, but is more common at 1600–1900 m on Mount Tambuyukon.[2] Adam, Wilcock & Swaine (1992) give an upper altitudinal limit of 3400 m for this species.[8]

[1] IUCN 2009. Nepenthes. In: IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.1. IUCN.

[McPherson-2] McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

[3] Author Query. International Plant Names Index.

[abalata-4] Cheek, M. & M. Jebb 2013. Identification and typification of Nepenthes blancoi, with N. abalata sp. nov. from the western Visayas, Philippines. Nordic Journal of Botany 31(2): 151–156. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.2012.00012.x

[abgracilis-5] Cheek, M. & M. Jebb 2013. The Nepenthes micramphora (Nepenthaceae) group, with two new species from Mindanao, Philippines. Phytotaxa 151(1): 25–34. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.151.1.2

[aenigma-6] Gronemeyer, T., W. Suarez, H. Nuytemans, M. Calaramo, A. Wistuba, F.S. Mey & V.B. Amoroso 2016. Two new Nepenthes species from the Philippines and an emended description of Nepenthes ramos. Plants 5(2): 23. doi:10.3390/plants5020023

[negros-7] Cheek, M. & M. Jebb 2013. Typification and redelimitation of Nepenthes alata with notes on the N. alata group, and N. negros sp. nov. from the Philippines. Nordic Journal of Botany 31(5): 616–622. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.2012.00099.x

[AWS1992-9] Adam, J.H., C.C. Wilcock & M.D. Swaine 1992. The ecology and distribution of Bornean Nepenthes. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 5(1): 13–25.

[alzapan-11] Cheek, M. & M. Jebb 2013. Nepenthes alzapan (Nepenthaceae), a new species from Luzon, Philippines. Phytotaxa 100(1): 57–60. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.100.1.6

[Natuna-12] （インドネシア語） Mansur, M. 2012. Keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan pemakan serangga dan laju fotosintesisnya di Pulau Natuna. [Diversity on insectivorous plants and its photosynthetic rate in Natuna Island.] Berita Biologi 11(1): 33–42. Abstract

[maps-13] Clarke, C.M. 2001. Appendix C: Distribution Maps. In: Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. pp. 299–307.

[andamana-14] Catalano, M. 2010. Nepenthes andamana M. Catal. sp. nov. In: Nepenthes della Thailandia: Diario di viaggio. Prague. p. 34.

[habitats-15] McPherson, S.R. 2010. Carnivorous Plants and their Habitats. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

[appendiculata-16] Lee, C.C., G. Bourke, W. Taylor, S.T. Yeo & K. Rembold 2011. Nepenthes appendiculata, a new pitcher plant from Sarawak. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 24–35.

[armin-17] Cheek, M. & M. Jebb 2014. Expansion of the Nepenthes alata group (Nepenthaceae), Philippines, and descriptions of three new species. Blumea 59: 144–154. doi:10.3767/000651914X685861

[M&A2011-18] McPherson, S.R. & V.B. Amoroso 2011. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of the Philippines. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

[barcelonae-19] Cheek, M., D.N. Tandang & P.B. Pelser 2015. Nepenthes barcelonae (Nepenthaceae), a new species from Luzon, Philippines. Phytotaxa 222(2): 145–150. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.222.2.7

[Clarke2001-20] Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.

[21] McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sumatra and Java. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

[checklist-22] von Arx, B., J. Schlauer & M. Groves 2001. CITES Carnivorous Plant Checklist. The Cromwell Press, United Kingdom.

[MalaysiaIndochina-23] McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Peninsular Malaysia and Indochina. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

[ClarkeLee2012-24] Clarke, C. & C.C. Lee 2012. A revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) from Gunung Tahan, Peninsular Malaysia. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 64(1): 33–49.

[thai-26] Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2009. Nepenthes group Montanae (Nepenthaceae) in Indo-China, with N. thai and N. bokor described as new. Kew Bulletin 64(2): 319–325. doi:10.1007/s12225-009-9117-3

[C&J-27] Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2001. Nepenthaceae. Flora Malesiana 15: 1–157.

[Clarke1997-28] Clarke, C.M. 1997. Nepenthes of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.

[campanulata2014-31] Clarke, C., C.C. Lee & V. Enar 2014. Observations of the natural history and ecology of Nepenthes campanulata. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 43(1): 7–13.

[ceciliae-32] Gronemeyer, T., F. Coritico, M. Micheler, D. Marwinski, R. Acil & V. Amoroso 2011. Nepenthes ceciliae, a new pitcher plant species from Mount Kiamo, Mindanao. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 412–423.

[chang-33] Catalano, M. 2010. Nepenthes chang M. Catal. sp. nov. In: Nepenthes della Thailandia: Diario di viaggio. Prague. p. 38.

[Mindanao2014-34] Gronemeyer, T., F. Coritico, A. Wistuba, D. Marwinski, T. Gieray, M. Micheler, F.S. Mey & V. Amoroso 2014. Four new species of Nepenthes L. (Nepenthaceae) from the central mountains of Mindanao, Philippines. Plants 3(2): 284–303. doi:10.3390/plants3020284

[halmahera-35] Cheek, M. 2015. Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) of Halmahera, Indonesia. Blumea 59: 215–225. doi:10.3767/000651915X689091

[37] Nooteboom, H.P. (ed.) 1987. Report of the 1982–1983 Bukit Raya Expedition. Rijksherbarium, Leiden.

[epiphytica-39] Robinson, A.S., J. Nerz & A. Wistuba 2011. Nepenthes epiphytica, a new pitcher plant from East Kalimantan. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 36–51.

[extincta-40] Cheek, M. & M. Jebb 2013. Recircumscription of the Nepenthes alata group (Caryophyllales: Nepenthaceae), in the Philippines, with four new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 69: 1–23. doi:10.5852/ejt.2013.69

[P&L2008-41] Phillipps, A., A. Lamb & C.C. Lee 2008. Pitcher Plants of Borneo. Second Edition. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.

[gantungensis-42] McPherson, S., J. Cervancia, C. Lee, M. Jaunzems, A. Fleischmann, F. Mey, E. Gironella & A. Robinson 2010. Nepenthes gantungensis (Nepenthaceae), a new pitcher plant species from Mount Gantung, Palawan, Philippines. In: S.R. McPherson Carnivorous Plants and their Habitats. Volume 2. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 1286–1295.

[43] Mey, F.S. 2016. The beautiful Nepenthes kampotiana x bokorensis. Strange Fruits: A Garden's Chronicle, 5 October 2016.

[44] （インドネシア語） Hidayat, S., J. Hidayat, Hamzah, E. Suhandi, Tatang & Ajidin 2003. Analisis vegetasi dua jenis tumbuhan pemakan serangga di Padang Pinang Anyang, Pulau Belitung. [Vegetation analysis of two insectivorous plants in Padang Pinang Anyang, Belitung Island.] Biodiversitas 4(2): 93–96.

[Burbidge1882-45] Burbidge, F.W. 1882. Notes on the new Nepenthes. The Gardeners' Chronicle, new series, 17(420): 56.

[hamiguitanensis-47] Gronemeyer, T., A. Wistuba, V. Heinrich, S. McPherson, F. Mey & A. Amoroso 2010. Nepenthes hamiguitanensis (Nepenthaceae), a new pitcher plant species from Mindanao Island, Philippines. In: S.R. McPherson Carnivorous Plants and their Habitats. Volume 2. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 1296–1305.

[hemsleyana-48] Scharmann, M. & T.U. Grafe 2013. Reinstatement of Nepenthes hemsleyana (Nepenthaceae), an endemic pitcher plant from Borneo, with a discussion of associated Nepenthes taxa. Blumea 58(1): 8–12. doi:10.3767/000651913X668465

[49] McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Borneo. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

[baramensis-50] Clarke, C., J.A. Moran & C.C. Lee 2011. Nepenthes baramensis (Nepenthaceae) – a new species from north-western Borneo . Blumea 56(3): 229–233. doi:10.3767/000651911X607121

[M&B2008-51] Mansur, M. & F.Q. Brearley 2008. Ecological studies on Nepenthes at Barito Ulu, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan 9(3): 271–276.

[holdenii-53] Mey, F.S., M. Catalano, C. Clarke, A. Robinson, A. Fleischmann & S. McPherson 2010. Nepenthes holdenii (Nepenthaceae), a new species of pyrophytic pitcher plant from the Cardamom Mountains of Cambodia. In: S.R. McPherson Carnivorous Plants and their Habitats. Volume 2. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 1306–1331.

[H&A2006-54] Hernawati & P. Akhriadi 2006. A Field Guide to the Nepenthes of Sumatra. PILI-NGO Movement, Bogor.

[N&V2016-55] Nunn, R. & C.N.A. Vu 2016. An account of the Nepenthes species of Vietnam. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 45(3): 93–101.

[kerrii-56] Catalano, M. 2010. Nepenthes kerrii M. Catal. et T. Kruetr. sp. nov. In: Nepenthes della Thailandia: Diario di viaggio. Prague. p. 32.

[NewMcPherson-57] McPherson, S.R. 2011. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

[AustraliaNewGuinea-58] McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Australia and New Guinea. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.

[kong-59] （イタリア語） Catalano, M. 2015. Nepenthes kongkandana, da ufficiosa ad ufficiale. AIPC Magazine 37: 4–11.

[krabiensis-60] Nuanlaong, S., S. Onsanit, V. Chusangrach & P. Suraninpong (2016). A new species of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) from Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 44(2): 128–133. doi:10.20531/tfb.2016.44.2.08

[monticola-61] Robinson, A., J. Nerz, A. Wistuba, M. Mansur & S. McPherson 2011. Nepenthes lamii Jebb & Cheek, an emended description resulting from the separation of a two-species complex, and the introduction of Nepenthes monticola, a new species of highland pitcher plant from New Guinea. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 522–555.

[leonardoi-62] McPherson, S., G. Bourke, J. Cervancia, M. Jaunzems, E. Gironella, A. Robinson & A. Fleischmann 2011. Nepenthes leonardoi (Nepenthaceae), a new pitcher plant species from Palawan, Philippines. Carniflora Australis 8(1): 4–19.

[J&C-64] Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae). Blumea 42(1): 1–106.

[65] Bourke, G. 2007. Exploring the upper reaches of Gunung Trus Madi. Carniflora Australis (9): 9–16.

[maryae-68] Cheek, M. & M. Jebb 2016. A new section in Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) and a new species from Sulawesi. Blumea 61: 59–62. doi:10.3767/000651916X691510

[69] Jebb, M.H.P. 1991. An account of Nepenthes in New Guinea. Science in New Guinea 17(1): 7–54.

[Wowoni-70] （インドネシア語） Sunarti, S., A. Hidayat & Rugayah 2008. Keanekaragaman tumbuhan di hutan Pegunungan Waworete, Kecamatan Wawonii Timur, Pulau Wawonii, Sulawesi Tenggara. [Plants diversity at the mountain forest of Waworete, East Wawonii District, Wawonii Island, Southeast Sulawesi.] Biodiversitas 9(3): 194–198.

[71] Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba 2000. Nepenthes maxima. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.1. IUCN.

[Samar-72] Robinson, A. 2012. Nepenthes merrilliana on Samar. Carnivorous Plants in the tropics, June 29, 2012.

[minima-73] Cheek, M. & M.H.P. Jebb (2016). Nepenthes minima (Nepenthaceae), a new pyrophytic grassland species from Sulawesi, Indonesia. Blumea 61: 181–185. doi:10.3767/000651916X693509

[mirabilis-74] Schlauer, J. N.d. Nepenthes mirabilis. Carnivorous Plant Database.

[75] Nepenthes mirabilis. Flora of China.

[nebularum-76] Mansell, G. & W. Suarez (2016). Nepenthes nebularum, a new species from Mindanao, Philippines. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 45(4): 132–139.

[nigra-77] Nerz, J., A. Wistuba, C.C. Lee, G. Bourke, U. Zimmermann & S. McPherson 2011. Nepenthes nigra, a new pitcher plant from Central Sulawesi. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 468–491.

[palawanensis-78] McPherson, S., J. Cervancia, C. Lee, M. Jaunzems, A. Fleischmann, F. Mey, E. Gironella & A. Robinson 2010. Nepenthes palawanensis (Nepenthaceae), a new pitcher plant species from Sultan Peak, Palawan Island, Philippines. In: S.R. McPherson Carnivorous Plants and their Habitats. Volume 2. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 1332–1339.

[parvula-79] Wilson, G.W. & S. Venter (2016). Nepenthes parvula (Nepenthaceae), a new species from Cape York, Queensland, Australia. Phytotaxa 277(2): 199–204. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.277.2.7

[80] McPherson, S.R. 2011. Observations of Nepenthes philippinensis and related taxa. In: New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 382–395.

[pitopangii-81] Lee, C.C., S. McPherson, G. Bourke & M. Mansur 2009. Nepenthes pitopangii (Nepenthaceae), a new species from central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 61(1): 95–100.

[pulchra-82] Gronemeyer, T., S. McPherson, F. Coritico, M. Micheler, D. Marwinski & V. Amoroso 2011. Nepenthes pulchra, a new pitcher plant species from Mount Kiamo, Mindanao. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 424–439.

[ramos-84] Cheek, M. & M. Jebb 2013. Nepenthes ramos (Nepenthaceae), a new species from Mindanao, Philippines. Willdenowia 43(1): 107–111. doi:10.3372/wi.43.43112

[robcantleyi-86] Cheek, M. 2011. Nepenthes robcantleyi sp. nov. (Nepenthaceae) from Mindanao, Philippines. Nordic Journal of Botany 29(6): 677–681. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.2011.01449.x

[rosea-87] （イタリア語） Catalano, M. 2014. Nepenthes rosea, una nuova specie dalla Thailandia peninsulare. AIPC Magazine 36: 24–31.

[samar-88] Cheek, M. & M. Jebb 2013. Nepenthes samar (Nepenthaceae), a new species from Samar, Philippines. Blumea 58(1): 82–84. doi:10.3767/000651913X673513

[89] Rybka, V., R. Rybková & R. Cantley 2005. Nepenthes argentii on Sibuyan Island. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 34(2): 47–50.

[90] Nerz, J., P. Mann, T. Alt & T. Smith 1998. Nepenthes sibuyanensis, a new Nepenthes from Sibuyan, a remote island of the Philippines. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 27(1): 18–23.

[Cambodia-92] Mey, F.S. 2010. Introduction to the pitcher plants (Nepenthes) of Cambodia. Cambodian Journal of Natural History 2010(2): 106–117.

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[sumagaya-95] Cheek, M. 2014. Nomen novum Nepenthes. Planta Carnivora 36(2): 44–45.

[suratensis-96] Catalano, M. 2010. Nepenthes suratensis M. Catal. sp. nov. In: Nepenthes della Thailandia: Diario di viaggio. Prague. p. 36.

[97] Elmer, A.D.E. 1915. Nepenthaceae. [pp. 2785–2787] In: Two hundred twenty six new species—II. Leaflets of Philippine Botany 8: 2719–2883.

[thorelii-99] Mey, F.S., L.H. Truong, D.V. Dai & A.S. Robinson 2011. Nepenthes thorelii, an emended description and novel ecological data resulting from its rediscovery in Tay Ninh, Vietnam. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 104–131.

[ultra-102] Cheek, M. & M. Jebb 2013. Nepenthes ultra (Nepenthaceae), a new species from Luzon, Philippines. Blumea, published online on October 24, 2013. doi:10.3767/000651913X675124

[undulatifolia-104] Lee, C.C., A. Wistuba, J. Nerz, U. Zimmermann, A.P. Paserang & R. Pitopang 2011. Nepenthes undulatifolia, a new pitcher plant from South East Sulawesi. In: McPherson, S.R. New Nepenthes: Volume One. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole. pp. 492–505.

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[Meimberg-115] Meimberg, H., A. Wistuba, P. Dittrich & G. Heubl 2001. Molecular phylogeny of Nepenthaceae based on cladistic analysis of plastid trnK intron sequence data. Plant Biology (Stuttgart) 3(2): 164–175. doi:10.1055/s-2001-12897

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